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Oycora methodology

Net Operating Income (NOI)

Property income remaining after operating expenses and before CapEx, financing, income taxes, and depreciation.

Methodology v1.0Effective 2026-08-23Last reviewed 2026-08-23

How this is calculated

NOI = effective gross income - operating expenses

Oycora keeps CapEx separate from NOI and classifies debt service as financing, not an operating expense.

Why it matters

NOI isolates property operations so operating performance can be evaluated independently of financing.

What is included

  • Effective gross income
  • Recurring operating expenses

What is excluded

  • Capital expenditures and reserves
  • Debt service
  • Loan fees
  • Income taxes
  • Depreciation

Assumptions and limitations

  • NOI is only as complete as the entered income and operating-expense assumptions.

Used in Oycora

Property Analysis

Rental Property Operating Expenses: What Should You Include?

Operating expenses can make or break a rental-property analysis. Learn which recurring costs belong in the calculation, which costs should be treated separately, and how realistic expense assumptions affect NOI and cash flow.

Published

Property Analysis

What Is Net Operating Income (NOI) in Real Estate?

Net operating income measures how much income a property produces after operating expenses but before financing. Learn the NOI formula, what belongs in the calculation, what does not, and how to use it when analyzing a rental property.

Published

Property Analysis

What Is Cap Rate in Real Estate and How Do You Calculate It?

Cap rate measures a property's net operating income relative to its value. Learn how to calculate capitalization rate, what changes it, how to compare properties, and why cap rate should never be used as a stand-alone buy-or-pass signal.

Published

Property Analysis

What Is a Good Cap Rate for a Rental Property?

A “good” cap rate depends on the property, market, condition, growth expectations, and risk behind the number. Learn how to interpret cap rates without relying on a universal percentage target.

Published

Property Analysis

How to Calculate Rental Property Cash Flow

Rental property cash flow is the money left after property income, operating expenses, and financing costs are accounted for. Learn how to calculate it, what affects it, and why realistic assumptions matter more than simply producing a positive number.

Published

Oycora Guide · Financing

The Complete Guide to Rental Property Financing

Rental property financing affects much more than the monthly mortgage payment. This Guide explains how occupancy, down payment, leverage, interest rate, amortization, qualifying rental income, DSCR, refinancing, and reserves shape both the purchase and the property’s long-term performance.

18 min read · Last reviewed Aug 2026

Read Guide →

Oycora Guide · Getting Started

How to Buy Your First Rental Property: A Beginner’s Guide

Buying your first rental property involves more than finding a house that rents for more than the mortgage. This Guide walks through preparing financially, defining what you are looking for, evaluating your buying capacity, and understanding the responsibilities that come with becoming a landlord.

20 min read · Last reviewed Sep 2026

Read Guide →

Oycora Guide · Property Analysis

The Complete Guide to Analyzing a Rental Property

A complete rental-property analysis starts long before the final return percentage. This Guide walks through how to build realistic assumptions, measure operating performance, account for financing, interpret the major metrics, and stress-test the result before relying on it.

20 min read · Last reviewed Sep 2026

Read Guide →

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